countries

100 of 232 countries, ranked by Weighted total paper score. Click a column to sort the loaded rows. Metrics count papers published 1951–2026, not retracted, not an abstracting service's copy of a paper, categorized by OpenAlex as article, book, review, book-chapter or conference-paper, and cited at least 1 time. A column's info gives the years it covers.

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Metrics

Rank all 232 countries by

Sum of the paper scores of the entity's papers. A paper with several countries counts for each of them on a softened scale: with n of them, each is credited 1 / (1 + ln n) of its score. Covers papers published 1951–2025, the years with paper scores.

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		All 232 countries
#	Name	Citations	Papers	Hit papers	Hit rate	Weighted total paper score rank	Top-2000 mean	h-index	h-index since 2010	h-index since 2020	Population	Weighted total paper score per capita	Hit papers per capita
1	United States	782,858,040	20,529,826	181,605	0.89%	5,120,037	5.76	3,773	2,280	974	341,784,857	14,980	531
2	China	197,322,458	9,883,348	47,547	0.49%	2,339,960	3.09	1,482	1,376	823	1,406,585,000	1,664	33.8
3	United Kingdom	198,082,105	5,654,119	49,919	0.89%	1,257,662	4.11	2,231	1,549	714	69,487,000	18,099	718
4	Germany	135,800,855	4,526,859	29,133	0.65%	929,351	3.42	1,813	1,326	601	83,491,249	11,131	349
5	Japan	91,411,015	4,101,777	12,194	0.30%	791,515	2.65	1,353	920	424	123,366,734	6,416	98.8
6	Canada	98,434,185	2,895,003	22,680	0.79%	647,269	3.33	1,702	1,176	530	41,651,653	15,540	545
7	India	51,457,533	3,277,923	8,556	0.26%	636,998	2.25	953	782	444	1,463,865,525	435	5.84
8	France	93,741,763	3,192,604	19,447	0.61%	621,452	3.11	1,601	1,145	514	68,720,337	9,043	283
9	Italy	71,307,111	2,614,494	14,328	0.55%	556,856	2.73	1,314	1,001	504	58,915,656	9,452	243
10	Australia	75,275,759	2,304,858	19,849	0.87%	525,069	3.06	1,454	1,127	544	27,614,411	19,014	719
11	Spain	52,847,063	2,125,395	10,761	0.51%	425,044	2.50	1,177	943	433	49,355,143	8,612	218
12	South Korea	36,499,980	1,688,342	6,721	0.40%	354,923	2.17	933	824	404	51,684,564	6,867	130
13	Netherlands	58,557,710	1,509,175	15,434	1.0%	347,075	2.88	1,440	1,076	464	18,087,633	19,189	853
14	Brazil	28,173,758	2,009,960	3,780	0.19%	333,979	1.89	764	623	310	212,812,405	1,569	17.8
15	Sweden	38,531,894	1,072,140	8,951	0.84%	241,741	2.51	1,185	848	393	10,596,620	22,813	845
16	Switzerland	43,459,504	1,097,260	11,969	1.1%	234,202	2.81	1,356	980	431	9,092,436	25,758	1,316
17	Russia	19,575,123	1,618,533	2,921	0.18%	221,137	1.85	808	537	272	143,513,328	1,541	20.4
18	Iran	16,921,721	985,106	2,344	0.24%	210,965	1.59	530	491	308	92,417,681	2,283	25.4
19	Indonesia	6,315,713	1,578,587	848	0.05%	210,143	1.30	340	301	209	285,721,236	735	2.97
20	Türkiye	15,530,221	1,116,602	2,274	0.21%	205,638	1.62	580	478	284	85,878,556	2,395	26.5
21	Taiwan	19,425,423	878,908	2,866	0.33%	182,686	1.76	704	574	306	23,600,776	7,741	121
22	Poland	16,531,502	1,073,988	2,850	0.27%	179,283	1.74	699	534	290	36,435,861	4,921	78.2
23	Belgium	27,001,211	818,105	6,592	0.81%	164,546	2.31	1,056	810	357	11,941,781	13,779	552
24	Denmark	23,130,056	651,233	6,026	0.93%	144,068	2.30	1,008	759	346	6,009,169	23,975	1,003
25	Israel	20,311,632	618,104	4,444	0.72%	133,865	2.13	982	647	301	10,122,800	13,224	439
26	Hong Kong	17,690,777	539,557	5,823	1.1%	115,095	2.15	869	722	436	7,498,900	15,348	777
27	Austria	17,121,878	577,193	4,162	0.73%	110,866	2.06	863	665	308	9,208,163	12,040	452
28	Finland	15,880,384	505,269	3,478	0.69%	108,462	1.90	797	592	299	5,646,436	19,209	616
29	Norway	15,426,201	504,357	3,671	0.73%	107,535	1.95	810	631	294	5,610,870	19,166	654
30	Malaysia	9,662,307	569,398	2,402	0.43%	102,726	1.62	577	523	307	35,977,838	2,855	66.8
31	Saudi Arabia	10,983,642	547,342	3,186	0.60%	101,428	1.75	615	597	345	36,973,555	2,743	86.2
32	South Africa	11,276,760	535,968	2,636	0.50%	101,157	1.78	676	550	290	64,747,319	1,562	40.7
33	Portugal	11,789,785	527,190	2,447	0.47%	100,591	1.70	659	559	271	10,804,871	9,310	226
34	Singapore	15,554,078	455,304	5,334	1.2%	99,829	2.08	859	758	401	6,111,175	16,335	873
35	Egypt	8,279,369	523,858	1,250	0.24%	95,573	1.40	427	393	252	118,365,995	807	10.6
36	Mexico	9,138,482	590,657	1,424	0.24%	93,381	1.50	572	435	231	131,946,900	708	10.8
37	Greece	10,990,655	462,474	2,141	0.47%	92,420	1.66	639	498	256	10,413,962	8,875	206
38	Czechia	10,299,077	498,424	1,943	0.39%	81,819	1.63	661	511	252	10,886,878	7,515	178
39	New Zealand	11,549,425	376,507	2,598	0.70%	79,880	1.81	719	535	258	5,324,700	15,002	488
40	Pakistan	7,658,273	422,765	2,077	0.50%	75,102	1.57	520	448	294	255,219,554	294	8.14
41	Ireland	9,639,142	330,347	2,498	0.76%	67,001	1.76	708	567	277	5,484,367	12,217	455
42	Thailand	5,782,710	319,804	846	0.27%	59,503	1.30	444	363	203	71,619,863	831	11.8
43	Argentina	6,218,496	343,392	796	0.23%	57,482	1.31	488	366	169	45,851,378	1,254	17.4
44	Hungary	6,742,700	320,183	1,215	0.38%	53,636	1.44	571	384	198	9,514,251	5,637	128
45	Nigeria	3,413,856	318,646	518	0.16%	49,687	1.18	329	290	200	237,527,782	209	2.18
46	Chile	5,252,270	289,142	1,009	0.35%	46,792	1.38	486	403	199	19,859,921	2,356	50.8
47	Romania	3,471,260	263,334	712	0.27%	42,532	1.26	372	332	209	19,020,271	2,236	37.4
48	Ukraine	2,687,850	327,012	314	0.10%	38,350	1.02	354	259	128	38,980,376	984	8.06
49	Bangladesh	3,142,040	203,770	879	0.44%	35,142	1.31	380	345	249	175,686,899	200	5.00
50	Colombia	2,743,737	260,969	484	0.19%	34,823	1.14	369	312	165	53,425,635	652	9.06
51	Vietnam	3,188,374	177,206	720	0.41%	29,946	1.26	390	338	235	101,598,527	295	7.09
52	Slovakia	3,536,698	188,433	582	0.31%	28,696	1.20	440	307	160	5,413,813	5,301	108
53	Serbia	2,223,495	161,959	373	0.23%	25,305	1.06	315	269	143	6,549,143	3,864	57.0
54	United Arab Emirates	2,490,953	143,026	1,021	0.73%	25,263	1.35	357	335	253	11,513,149	2,194	88.7
55	Iraq	1,457,403	166,345	309	0.19%	24,658	1.05	236	231	173	47,020,774	524	6.57
56	Ethiopia	2,020,028	122,300	356	0.30%	24,322	1.07	284	255	171	135,472,051	180	2.63
57	Slovenia	2,818,784	134,131	554	0.42%	23,950	1.16	396	320	168	2,130,986	11,239	260
58	Morocco	2,257,029	143,618	386	0.27%	23,914	1.08	345	264	161	38,430,770	622	10.0
59	Croatia	2,209,204	139,985	388	0.28%	22,492	1.07	358	283	157	3,876,200	5,803	100
60	Tunisia	2,201,914	143,952	256	0.18%	22,231	1.00	316	251	141	12,348,573	1,800	20.7
61	Bulgaria	2,275,880	133,825	329	0.25%	19,106	1.03	383	255	127	6,433,302	2,970	51.1
62	Algeria	1,527,896	124,182	190	0.16%	18,926	0.95	248	219	140	47,435,312	399	4.01
63	Jordan	1,532,248	102,838	400	0.40%	18,341	1.12	279	240	172	11,520,684	1,592	34.7
64	Kenya	2,042,319	94,224	455	0.49%	15,488	1.12	366	294	143	57,532,493	269	7.91
65	Ghana	1,320,730	81,246	218	0.27%	14,445	0.97	274	224	133	35,064,272	412	6.22
66	Philippines	1,614,813	88,073	407	0.47%	13,973	1.08	362	275	144	116,786,962	120	3.48
67	Qatar	1,730,761	73,805	589	0.81%	13,505	1.19	358	328	208	2,972,215	4,544	198
68	Peru	1,074,188	104,885	191	0.18%	13,093	0.90	272	215	117	34,576,665	379	5.52
69	Lithuania	1,054,140	74,419	233	0.32%	12,082	0.94	255	231	135	2,888,774	4,182	80.7
70	Cyprus	1,300,676	63,075	422	0.68%	11,768	1.10	311	277	181	1,370,754	8,585	308
71	Lebanon	1,309,110	67,930	409	0.61%	11,749	1.08	302	264	157	5,849,421	2,009	69.9
72	Ecuador	714,911	90,390	142	0.16%	11,144	0.85	208	182	124	18,289,896	609	7.76
73	Estonia	1,466,441	63,899	391	0.62%	11,091	1.06	341	288	146	1,366,475	8,117	286
74	Macao	1,181,815	55,526	460	0.86%	10,861	1.14	275	268	196	685,900	15,835	671
75	Nepal	862,264	67,974	150	0.22%	9,775	0.85	239	201	121	29,618,118	330	5.06
76	Sri Lanka	898,421	58,084	203	0.35%	9,187	0.90	265	218	132	21,756,000	422	9.33
77	Tanzania	1,092,089	51,128	173	0.34%	9,023	0.89	274	188	87	70,545,865	128	2.45
78	Kazakhstan	622,037	67,401	125	0.19%	8,909	0.82	208	176	117	20,843,754	427	6.00
79	Uganda	1,074,942	48,393	222	0.47%	8,219	0.92	276	212	108	51,384,894	160	4.32
80	Kuwait	805,200	48,183	144	0.30%	8,090	0.86	228	187	120	4,865,298	1,663	29.6
81	Venezuela	929,584	57,907	122	0.21%	7,552	0.77	263	169	70	28,516,896	265	4.28
82	Oman	765,806	45,871	200	0.45%	7,521	0.93	243	216	147	5,494,691	1,369	36.4
83	Puerto Rico	1,170,567	46,170	250	0.55%	7,399	0.94	318	242	121	3,184,835	2,323	78.5
84	Cameroon	993,109	45,950	159	0.35%	7,326	0.86	293	169	94	29,879,337	245	5.32
85	Latvia	774,536	48,549	129	0.27%	6,870	0.80	264	173	99	1,847,785	3,718	69.8
86	Belarus	835,334	57,292	111	0.20%	6,752	0.78	255	179	95	9,085,991	743	12.2
87	Luxembourg	917,759	39,674	275	0.70%	6,727	0.97	291	264	132	686,970	9,792	400
88	Iceland	1,105,072	33,117	298	0.91%	6,188	0.97	337	253	103	392,404	15,769	759
89	Cuba	621,156	51,648	76	0.15%	5,563	0.68	228	153	66	10,937,203	509	6.95
90	Uruguay	634,819	38,435	85	0.22%	5,507	0.73	218	167	81	3,384,688	1,627	25.1
91	Uzbekistan	301,543	42,898	51	0.12%	5,156	0.71	140	114	88	37,053,428	139	1.38
92	Costa Rica	512,946	38,328	67	0.18%	4,696	0.71	219	158	75	5,152,950	911	13.0
93	Sudan	395,268	27,019	62	0.23%	3,872	0.70	172	153	100	51,662,147	74.9	1.20
94	Zimbabwe	366,929	25,211	46	0.18%	3,779	0.65	173	136	77	16,950,795	223	2.71
95	Azerbaijan	298,674	31,572	68	0.22%	3,770	0.74	152	122	91	10,246,996	368	6.64
96	Armenia	436,579	27,413	65	0.24%	3,469	0.65	208	123	65	3,086,700	1,124	21.1
97	Palestinian Territory	318,728	20,827	90	0.44%	3,461	0.74	166	148	109	5,413,596	639	16.6
98	Bosnia and Herzegovina	233,992	25,478	43	0.17%	3,248	0.60	140	124	78	3,140,095	1,034	13.7
99	Yemen	294,482	21,326	69	0.33%	2,992	0.74	152	143	120	41,773,878	71.6	1.65
100	Panama	579,302	17,065	147	0.87%	2,866	0.80	281	198	74	4,571,189	627	32.2