David R. Shanks

19.1k total citations · 3 hit papers
257 papers, 12.4k citations indexed

About

David R. Shanks is a scholar working on Cognitive Neuroscience, Developmental and Educational Psychology and General Decision Sciences. According to data from OpenAlex, David R. Shanks has authored 257 papers receiving a total of 12.4k indexed citations (citations by other indexed papers that have themselves been cited), including 138 papers in Cognitive Neuroscience, 96 papers in Developmental and Educational Psychology and 40 papers in General Decision Sciences. Recurrent topics in David R. Shanks's work include Child and Animal Learning Development (79 papers), Memory Processes and Influences (59 papers) and Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies (54 papers). David R. Shanks is often cited by papers focused on Child and Animal Learning Development (79 papers), Memory Processes and Influences (59 papers) and Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies (54 papers). David R. Shanks collaborates with scholars based in United Kingdom, Australia and Spain. David R. Shanks's co-authors include Ben R. Newell, Mark John, Peter F. Lovibond, Anthony Dickinson, Theresa Johnstone, Miguel A. Vadillo, Richard J. Tunney, R B Potts, Chunliang Yang and Richard J. Darby and has published in prestigious journals such as Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Neuron and Journal of Neuroscience.

In The Last Decade

David R. Shanks

250 papers receiving 11.9k citations

Hit Papers

Characteristics of dissociable human learning systems 1994 2026 2004 2015 1994 2002 2021 250 500 750
What are hit papers?

Hit papers significantly outperform the citation benchmark for their cohort. A paper qualifies if it has ≥500 total citations, achieves ≥1.5× the top-1% citation threshold for papers in the same subfield and year (this is the minimum needed to enter the top 1%, not the average within it), or reaches the top citation threshold in at least one of its specific research topics.

  1. Characteristics of dissociable human learning systems
    1994 878 citations David R. Shanks et al. profile →
  2. The role of awareness in Pavlovian conditioning: Empirical evidence and theoretical implications.
    2002 537 citations David R. Shanks et al. profile →
  3. Testing (quizzing) boosts classroom learning: A systematic and meta-analytic review.
    2021 153 citations Chunliang Yang, Liang Luo et al. profile →

Peers

David R. Shanks
F. Gregory Ashby United States
Gail McKoon United States
Walter Schneider United States
Axel Cleeremans Belgium
Charles J. Brainerd United States
Gordon D. A. Brown United Kingdom
Janet Metcalfe United States
W. Todd Maddox United States
Zoltán Dienes United Kingdom
Reinhold Kliegl Germany
F. Gregory Ashby United States
David R. Shanks
Citations per year, relative to David R. Shanks David R. Shanks (= 1×) peers F. Gregory Ashby

Countries citing papers authored by David R. Shanks

Since Specialization
Citations

This map shows the geographic impact of David R. Shanks's research. It shows the number of citations coming from papers published by authors working in each country. You can also color the map by specialization and compare the number of citations received by David R. Shanks with the expected number of citations based on a country's size and research output (numbers larger than one mean the country cites David R. Shanks more than expected).

Fields of papers citing papers by David R. Shanks

Since Specialization
Physical SciencesHealth SciencesLife SciencesSocial Sciences

This network shows the impact of papers produced by David R. Shanks. Nodes represent research fields, and links connect fields that are likely to share authors. Colored nodes show fields that tend to cite the papers produced by David R. Shanks. The network helps show where David R. Shanks may publish in the future.

Co-authorship network of co-authors of David R. Shanks

This figure shows the co-authorship network connecting the top 25 collaborators of David R. Shanks. A scholar is included among the top collaborators of David R. Shanks based on the total number of citations received by their joint publications. Widths of edges represent the number of papers authors have co-authored together. Node borders signify the number of papers an author published with David R. Shanks. David R. Shanks is excluded from the visualization to improve readability, since they are connected to all nodes in the network.

All Works

20 of 20 papers shown
1.
Shanks, David R., et al.. (2025). Measurement and sampling noise undermine inferences about awareness in location probability learning: A modeling approach. Journal of Memory and Language. 143. 104621–104621.
2.
3.
Shanks, David R., et al.. (2024). Individual differences in the reactivity effect of judgments of learning: Cognitive factors. Journal of Memory and Language. 140. 104574–104574. 1 indexed citations
4.
Shanks, David R., et al.. (2024). A re-evaluation of gender bias in receptiveness to scientific evidence of gender bias. Royal Society Open Science. 11(9). 240419–240419. 2 indexed citations
5.
Maier, Maximilian, Frantis̆ek Bartos̆, Nichola Raihani, et al.. (2024). Exploring open science practices in behavioural public policy research. Royal Society Open Science. 11(2). 231486–231486. 4 indexed citations
6.
Berry, Christopher J., et al.. (2024). Kelley’s Paradox and strength skewness in research on unconscious mental processes. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review. 32(2). 614–635. 1 indexed citations
7.
Shanks, David R., et al.. (2024). Do changed learning goals explain why metamemory judgments reactively affect memory?. Journal of Memory and Language. 136. 104506–104506. 3 indexed citations
8.
Vadillo, Miguel A., et al.. (2024). Mapping the reliability multiverse of contextual cuing.. Journal of Experimental Psychology Learning Memory and Cognition. 51(6). 910–927. 3 indexed citations
9.
Yang, Chunliang, et al.. (2023). Do Practice Tests (Quizzes) Reduce or Provoke Test Anxiety? A Meta-Analytic Review. Educational Psychology Review. 35(3). 11 indexed citations
10.
Shanks, David R., et al.. (2023). The Effects of emotion on judgments of learning and memory: a meta-analytic review. Metacognition and Learning. 18(2). 425–447. 6 indexed citations
11.
Luque, David, et al.. (2023). Rethinking Attentional Habits. Current Directions in Psychological Science. 32(6). 494–500. 3 indexed citations
12.
Luque, David, et al.. (2021). Is probabilistic cuing of visual search an inflexible attentional habit? A meta-analytic review. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review. 29(2). 521–529. 2 indexed citations
13.
Shanks, David R., et al.. (2021). The Challenge of Inferring Unconscious Mental Processes. Experimental Psychology (formerly Zeitschrift für Experimentelle Psychologie). 68(3). 113–129. 25 indexed citations
14.
Shanks, David R., et al.. (2010). I like what I know: Is recognition a non-compensatory determiner of consumer choice?. Judgment and Decision Making. 5(4). 310–325. 22 indexed citations
15.
Corlett, Philip R., Michael R. F. Aitken, Anthony Dickinson, et al.. (2004). Prediction Error during Retrospective Revaluation of Causal Associations in Humans. Neuron. 44(5). 877–888. 114 indexed citations
16.
Shanks, David R., et al.. (1996). Retrospective revaluation of causal judgments. UCL Discovery (University College London). 1 indexed citations
17.
Shanks, David R.. (1995). IMPLICIT LEARNING AND TACIT KNOWLEDGE - AN ESSAY ON THE COGNITIVE UNCONSCIOUS - REBER,A. UCL Discovery (University College London). 1 indexed citations
18.
Shanks, David R.. (1993). ASSOCIATIVE VERSUS CONTINGENCY ACCOUNTS OF CATEGORY LEARNING - REPLY. UCL Discovery (University College London). 1 indexed citations
19.
Shanks, David R. & Anthony Dickinson. (1990). CONTINGENCY AWARENESS IN EVALUATIVE CONDITIONING - A COMMENT. UCL Discovery (University College London). 1 indexed citations
20.
Shanks, David R.. (1985). FORWARD AND BACKWARD BLOCKING IN HUMAN CONTINGENCY JUDGMENT. UCL Discovery (University College London). 17 indexed citations

Rankless uses publication and citation data sourced from OpenAlex, an open and comprehensive bibliographic database. While OpenAlex provides broad and valuable coverage of the global research landscape, it—like all bibliographic datasets—has inherent limitations. These include incomplete records, variations in author disambiguation, differences in journal indexing, and delays in data updates. As a result, some metrics and network relationships displayed in Rankless may not fully capture the entirety of a scholar's output or impact.

Explore authors with similar magnitude of impact

Breakdown of academic impact, for papers by F. Gregory Ashby Breakdown of academic impact, for papers by Gail McKoon Breakdown of academic impact, for papers by Walter Schneider Breakdown of academic impact, for papers by Axel Cleeremans Breakdown of academic impact, for papers by Charles J. Brainerd Breakdown of academic impact, for papers by Gordon D. A. Brown Breakdown of academic impact, for papers by Janet Metcalfe Breakdown of academic impact, for papers by W. Todd Maddox Breakdown of academic impact, for papers by Zoltán Dienes Breakdown of academic impact, for papers by Reinhold Kliegl
Rankless by CCL
2026