Robert E. Worden

3.7k total citations · 1 hit paper
55 papers, 2.8k citations indexed

About

Robert E. Worden is a scholar working on Sociology and Political Science, Political Science and International Relations and Health. According to data from OpenAlex, Robert E. Worden has authored 55 papers receiving a total of 2.8k indexed citations (citations by other indexed papers that have themselves been cited), including 40 papers in Sociology and Political Science, 36 papers in Political Science and International Relations and 6 papers in Health. Recurrent topics in Robert E. Worden's work include Crime Patterns and Interventions (37 papers), Policing Practices and Perceptions (33 papers) and Criminal Justice and Corrections Analysis (9 papers). Robert E. Worden is often cited by papers focused on Crime Patterns and Interventions (37 papers), Policing Practices and Perceptions (33 papers) and Criminal Justice and Corrections Analysis (9 papers). Robert E. Worden collaborates with scholars based in United States, United Kingdom and Netherlands. Robert E. Worden's co-authors include Sarah J. McLean, Robin S. Engel, Stephen D. Mastrofski, Eugene A. Paoline, Steven G. Brandl, James Frank, Timothy S. Bynum, Jeffrey B. Snipes, James J. Sobol and Andrew Wheeler and has published in prestigious journals such as Criminology, Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency and Journal of Biomedical Informatics.

In The Last Decade

Robert E. Worden

53 papers receiving 2.5k citations

Hit Papers

align trajectories

What are hit papers?

Hit papers significantly outperform the citation benchmark for their cohort. A paper qualifies if it has ≥500 total citations, achieves ≥1.5× the top-1% citation threshold for papers in the same subfield and year (this is the minimum needed to enter the top 1%, not the average within it), or reaches the top citation threshold in at least one of its specific research topics.

Mirage of Police Reform: Procedural Justice and Police Legitimacy

2017 94 citations Robert E. Worden, Sarah J. McLean OAPEN (The OAPEN Foundation) profile →

Peers — A (Enhanced Table)

Peers by citation overlap · career bar shows stage (early→late) cites · hero ref

Name	h						Papers	Cites
Robert E. Worden United States	21	2.4k	2.2k	707	429	150	55	2.8k
Justin Nix United States	25	2.1k 0.9×	2.0k 0.9×	798 1.1×	343 0.8×	158 1.1×	58	2.5k
Liqun Cao United States	31	2.7k 1.1×	1.9k 0.9×	704 1.0×	352 0.8×	409 2.7×	95	3.0k
Edward R. Maguire United States	29	2.2k 0.9×	1.8k 0.8×	476 0.7×	234 0.5×	245 1.6×	111	2.7k
Jacinta M. Gau United States	27	2.4k 1.0×	1.7k 0.8×	551 0.8×	325 0.8×	331 2.2×	57	2.8k
Justice Tankebe United Kingdom	21	2.8k 1.2×	2.5k 1.1×	403 0.6×	437 1.0×	192 1.3×	48	3.1k
Stephen D. Mastrofski United States	34	4.1k 1.7×	3.6k 1.7×	944 1.3×	452 1.1×	278 1.9×	59	4.7k
Joseph Schafer United States	24	1.5k 0.6×	990 0.5×	389 0.6×	182 0.4×	223 1.5×	83	1.9k
Brad W. Smith United States	26	1.4k 0.6×	1.2k 0.6×	558 0.8×	192 0.4×	274 1.8×	50	1.9k
Andy Myhill United Kingdom	17	1.7k 0.7×	1.2k 0.6×	654 0.9×	419 1.0×	308 2.1×	35	2.1k
Jeff Rojek United States	21	1.2k 0.5×	1.2k 0.5×	392 0.6×	169 0.4×	87 0.6×	47	1.6k

Countries citing papers authored by Robert E. Worden

Since Specialization

Citations

This map shows the geographic impact of Robert E. Worden's research. It shows the number of citations coming from papers published by authors working in each country. You can also color the map by specialization and compare the number of citations received by Robert E. Worden with the expected number of citations based on a country's size and research output (numbers larger than one mean the country cites Robert E. Worden more than expected).

Fields of papers citing papers by Robert E. Worden

Since Specialization

Physical SciencesHealth SciencesLife SciencesSocial Sciences

This network shows the impact of papers produced by Robert E. Worden. Nodes represent research fields, and links connect fields that are likely to share authors. Colored nodes show fields that tend to cite the papers produced by Robert E. Worden. The network helps show where Robert E. Worden may publish in the future.

Co-authorship network of co-authors of Robert E. Worden

This figure shows the co-authorship network connecting the top 25 collaborators of Robert E. Worden. A scholar is included among the top collaborators of Robert E. Worden based on the total number of citations received by their joint publications. Widths of edges represent the number of papers authors have co-authored together. Node borders signify the number of papers an author published with Robert E. Worden. Robert E. Worden is excluded from the visualization to improve readability, since they are connected to all nodes in the network.

All Works

Sort: Min cites: Since: Top N: Style:

20 of 20 papers shown

Worden, Robert E., et al.. (2025). Problem officers and problem behavior: on the object of early intervention systems. Policing A Journal of Policy and Practice. 19. 2 indexed citations

Worden, Robert E., et al.. (2025). Systematic Social Observation of Police-Citizen Encounters: Coding and Measurement Through Body-Worn Cameras. Justice Quarterly. 42(7). 1410–1443.

Worden, Robert E., et al.. (2024). Implicit bias training for police: Evaluating impacts on enforcement disparities.. Law and Human Behavior. 48(5-6). 338–355. 5 indexed citations

Worden, Robert E., et al.. (2022). Beyond impunity: An evaluation of New York State's nonfatal shooting initiative. Criminology & Public Policy. 21(2). 235–271. 4 indexed citations

Wheeler, Andrew, Robert E. Worden, & Jason R. Silver. (2019). The Accuracy of the Violent Offender Identification Directive Tool to Predict Future Gun Violence. Criminal Justice and Behavior. 46(5). 770–788. 9 indexed citations

Wheeler, Andrew, et al.. (2019). Choosing Representatives to Deliver the Message in a Group Violence Intervention. 2(2). 93–117. 4 indexed citations

Worden, Robert E., et al.. (2018). Supervisory Coaching, Body Worn Cameras, and Police Performance. OSF Preprints (OSF Preprints). 1 indexed citations

Wheeler, Andrew, Robert E. Worden, & Jason R. Silver. (2018). The Accuracy of the Violent Offender Identification Directive (VOID) Tool to Predict Future Gun Violence. SSRN Electronic Journal. 1 indexed citations

Worden, Robert E. & Sarah J. McLean. (2017). Mirage of Police Reform: Procedural Justice and Police Legitimacy. OAPEN (The OAPEN Foundation). 94 indexed citations breakdown →

10.

Worden, Robert E. & Sarah J. McLean. (2017). Research on police legitimacy: the state of the art. Policing An International Journal. 40(3). 480–513. 51 indexed citations

11.

Scott, Philip, Iain Carpenter, David I. Harvey, et al.. (2015). Developing a conformance methodology for clinically-defined medical record headings: A preliminary report. Portsmouth Research Portal (University of Portsmouth). 11(2). 3 indexed citations

12.

Worden, Robert E. & Sarah J. McLean. (2014). Systematic Social Observation of the Police. Oxford University Press eBooks. 18 indexed citations

13.

Worden, Robert E., Christopher Harris, & Sarah J. McLean. (2014). Risk assessment and risk management in policing. Policing An International Journal. 37(2). 239–258. 18 indexed citations

14.

McLean, Sarah J., et al.. (2013). Here’s Looking at You. Criminal Justice Review. 38(3). 303–334. 31 indexed citations

15.

Scott, Philip & Robert E. Worden. (2012). Semantic mapping to simplify deployment of HL7 v3 Clinical Document Architecture. Journal of Biomedical Informatics. 45(4). 697–702. 11 indexed citations

16.

Mastrofski, Stephen D., Roger B. Parks, Albert J. Reiss, & Robert E. Worden. (1998). Policing Neighborhoods: A Report From Indianapolis. 14 indexed citations

17.

Frank, James, Steven G. Brandl, Robert E. Worden, & Timothy S. Bynum. (1996). CITIZEN INVOLVEMENT IN THE COPRODUCTION OF POLICE OUTPUTS. Journal of Crime and Justice. 19(2). 1–30. 28 indexed citations

18.

Worden, Robert E.. (1995). THE "CAUSES" OF POLICE BRUTALITY: THEORY AND EVIDENCE ON POLICE USE OF FORCE. 183 indexed citations

19.

Brandl, Steven G., James Frank, Robert E. Worden, & Timothy S. Bynum. (1994). Global and specific attitudes toward the police: Disentangling the relationship. Justice Quarterly. 11(1). 119–134. 288 indexed citations

20.

Worden, Robert E.. (1989). Situational and Attitudinal Explanations of Police Behavior: A Theoretical Reappraisal and Empirical Assessment. Law & Society Review. 23(4). 667–711. 262 indexed citations

Rankless uses publication and citation data sourced from OpenAlex, an open and comprehensive bibliographic database. While OpenAlex provides broad and valuable coverage of the global research landscape, it—like all bibliographic datasets—has inherent limitations. These include incomplete records, variations in author disambiguation, differences in journal indexing, and delays in data updates. As a result, some metrics and network relationships displayed in Rankless may not fully capture the entirety of a scholar's output or impact.

Explore authors with similar magnitude of impact