George M. Whitesides

263.5k total citations · 82 hit papers
1.2k papers, 215.8k citations indexed

About

George M. Whitesides is a scholar working on Biomedical Engineering, Electrical and Electronic Engineering and Molecular Biology. According to data from OpenAlex, George M. Whitesides has authored 1.2k papers receiving a total of 215.8k indexed citations (citations by other indexed papers that have themselves been cited), including 522 papers in Biomedical Engineering, 424 papers in Electrical and Electronic Engineering and 282 papers in Molecular Biology. Recurrent topics in George M. Whitesides's work include Molecular Junctions and Nanostructures (224 papers), Nanofabrication and Lithography Techniques (176 papers) and Microfluidic and Capillary Electrophoresis Applications (146 papers). George M. Whitesides is often cited by papers focused on Molecular Junctions and Nanostructures (224 papers), Nanofabrication and Lithography Techniques (176 papers) and Microfluidic and Capillary Electrophoresis Applications (146 papers). George M. Whitesides collaborates with scholars based in United States, Italy and Poland. George M. Whitesides's co-authors include Younan Xia, Bartosz A. Grzybowski, Andres W. Martinez, Ralph G. Nuzzo, Scott T. Phillips, Donald E. Ingber, J. Cooper McDonald, Milan Mrksich, Colin D. Bain and Paul E. Laibinis and has published in prestigious journals such as Nature, Science and Chemical Reviews.

In The Last Decade

George M. Whitesides

1.2k papers receiving 209.9k citations

Hit Papers

The origins and the futur... 1976 2026 1992 2009 2006 2005 2002 1998 1998 2.0k 4.0k 6.0k
What are hit papers?

Hit papers significantly outperform the citation benchmark for their cohort. A paper qualifies if it has ≥500 total citations, achieves ≥1.5× the top-1% citation threshold for papers in the same subfield and year (this is the minimum needed to enter the top 1%, not the average within it), or reaches the top citation threshold in at least one of its specific research topics.

  1. The origins and the future of microfluidics
    2006 7.2k citations George M. Whitesides profile →
  2. Self-Assembled Monolayers of Thiolates on Metals as a Form of Nanotechnology
    2005 6.9k citations J. Christopher Love, George M. Whitesides et al. profile →
  3. Self-Assembly at All Scales
    2002 6.0k citations George M. Whitesides et al. Science profile →
  4. Rapid Prototyping of Microfluidic Systems in Poly(dimethylsiloxane)
    1998 4.3k citations George M. Whitesides et al. profile →
  5. SOFT LITHOGRAPHY
    1998 3.9k citations George M. Whitesides et al. profile →
  6. Geometric Control of Cell Life and Death
    1997 3.8k citations Milan Mrksich, George M. Whitesides et al. Science profile →
  7. Polyvalent Interactions in Biological Systems: Implications for Design and Use of Multivalent Ligands and Inhibitors
    1998 3.4k citations George M. Whitesides et al. profile →
  8. Molecular Self-Assembly and Nanochemistry: a Chemical Strategy for the Synthesis of Nanostructures
    1991 3.0k citations George M. Whitesides et al. Science profile →
  9. Formation of monolayer films by the spontaneous assembly of organic thiols from solution onto gold
    1989 2.9k citations George M. Whitesides et al. profile →
  10. Chaotic Mixer for Microchannels
    2002 2.7k citations Abraham D. Stroock, Howard A. Stone et al. Science profile →
  11. Fabrication of microfluidic systems in poly(dimethylsiloxane)
    2000 2.6k citations Daniel T. Chiu, George M. Whitesides et al. profile →
  12. Patterned Paper as a Platform for Inexpensive, Low‐Volume, Portable Bioassays
    2007 2.4k citations Andres W. Martinez, Scott T. Phillips et al. profile →
  13. Diagnostics for the Developing World: Microfluidic Paper-Based Analytical Devices
    2009 2.1k citations Andres W. Martinez, Scott T. Phillips et al. profile →
  14. Solvent Compatibility of Poly(dimethylsiloxane)-Based Microfluidic Devices
    2003 2.1k citations George M. Whitesides et al. profile →
  15. Soft Lithography in Biology and Biochemistry
    2001 2.1k citations George M. Whitesides, Xingyu Jiang et al. profile →
  16. Poly(dimethylsiloxane) as a Material for Fabricating Microfluidic Devices
    2002 2.0k citations George M. Whitesides et al. profile →
  17. Spontaneous formation of ordered structures in thin films of metals supported on an elastomeric polymer
    1998 1.9k citations George M. Whitesides et al. profile →
  18. Soft lithography for micro- and nanoscale patterning
    2010 1.8k citations George M. Whitesides et al. profile →
  19. Formation of droplets and bubbles in a microfluidic T-junction—scaling and mechanism of break-up
    2006 1.8k citations Piotr Garstecki, Howard A. Stone et al. Lab on a Chip profile →
  20. Comparison of the structures and wetting properties of self-assembled monolayers of n-alkanethiols on the coinage metal surfaces, copper, silver, and gold
    1991 1.8k citations George M. Whitesides et al. profile →
  21. New Approaches to Nanofabrication:  Molding, Printing, and Other Techniques
    2005 1.6k citations Declan Ryan, George M. Whitesides et al. profile →
  22. Stretchable, Transparent, Ionic Conductors
    2013 1.5k citations Philipp Rothemund, George M. Whitesides et al. Science profile →
  23. A Survey of Structure−Property Relationships of Surfaces that Resist the Adsorption of Protein
    2001 1.5k citations George M. Whitesides et al. profile →
  24. Adsorption of proteins onto surfaces containing end-attached oligo(ethylene oxide): a model system using self-assembled monolayers
    1993 1.4k citations George M. Whitesides et al. profile →
  25. How to Make Water Run Uphill
    1992 1.4k citations George M. Whitesides et al. Science profile →
  26. Microfluidic devices fabricated in Poly(dimethylsiloxane) for biological studies
    2003 1.3k citations George M. Whitesides et al. profile →
  27. Understanding Wax Printing: A Simple Micropatterning Process for Paper-Based Microfluidics
    2009 1.3k citations Andres W. Martinez, George M. Whitesides et al. profile →
  28. Features of gold having micrometer to centimeter dimensions can be formed through a combination of stamping with an elastomeric stamp and an alkanethiol ‘‘ink’’ followed by chemical etching
    1993 1.3k citations George M. Whitesides et al. profile →
  29. Unconventional Methods for Fabricating and Patterning Nanostructures
    1999 1.2k citations George M. Whitesides et al. profile →
  30. Beyond molecules: Self-assembly of mesoscopic and macroscopic components
    2002 1.2k citations George M. Whitesides et al. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences profile →
  31. Eutectic Gallium‐Indium (EGaIn): A Liquid Metal Alloy for the Formation of Stable Structures in Microchannels at Room Temperature
    2008 1.2k citations George M. Whitesides et al. profile →
  32. Engineering Cell Shape and Function
    1994 1.2k citations George M. Whitesides, Donald E. Ingber et al. Science profile →
  33. Simple Telemedicine for Developing Regions: Camera Phones and Paper-Based Microfluidic Devices for Real-Time, Off-Site Diagnosis
    2008 1.2k citations Andres W. Martinez, Scott T. Phillips et al. profile →
  34. Molecular Conformation in Oligo(ethylene glycol)-Terminated Self-Assembled Monolayers on Gold and Silver Surfaces Determines Their Ability To Resist Protein Adsorption
    1998 1.1k citations George M. Whitesides et al. profile →
  35. Ionic skin
    2014 1.1k citations George M. Whitesides, Zhigang Suo et al. profile →
  36. Structure and reactivity of alkylsiloxane monolayers formed by reaction of alkyltrichlorosilanes on silicon substrates
    1989 1.0k citations George M. Whitesides et al. profile →
  37. Three-dimensional microfluidic devices fabricated in layered paper and tape
    2008 998 citations Andres W. Martinez, Scott T. Phillips et al. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences profile →
  38. Patterning Self-Assembled Monolayers: Applications in Materials Science
    1994 928 citations George M. Whitesides et al. profile →
  39. Noncovalent Synthesis: Using Physical-Organic Chemistry To Make Aggregates
    1995 905 citations George M. Whitesides et al. profile →
  40. Electrostatic Charging Due to Separation of Ions at Interfaces: Contact Electrification of Ionic Electrets
    2008 904 citations George M. Whitesides et al. profile →
  41. Hierarchically Ordered Oxides
    1998 827 citations George M. Whitesides et al. Science profile →
  42. Solid-State Structures of Hydrogen-Bonded Tapes Based on Cyclic Secondary Diamides
    1994 800 citations George M. Whitesides et al. profile →
  43. Formation of monolayers by the coadsorption of thiols on gold: variation in the head group, tail group, and solvent
    1989 782 citations George M. Whitesides et al. profile →
  44. Zwitterionic SAMs that Resist Nonspecific Adsorption of Protein from Aqueous Buffer
    2001 777 citations George M. Whitesides et al. profile →
  45. Generation of Solution and Surface Gradients Using Microfluidic Systems
    2000 761 citations Daniel T. Chiu, Abraham D. Stroock et al. profile →
  46. Electrochemical sensing in paper-based microfluidic devices
    2009 756 citations Xin Chen, Andres W. Martinez et al. Lab on a Chip profile →
  47. Wet chemical approaches to the characterization of organic surfaces: self-assembled monolayers, wetting, and the physical-organic chemistry of the solid-liquid interface
    1990 744 citations George M. Whitesides et al. profile →
  48. Generation of Monodisperse Particles by Using Microfluidics: Control over Size, Shape, and Composition
    2004 732 citations Howard A. Stone, Piotr Garstecki et al. profile →
  49. Control of crystal nucleation by patterned self-assembled monolayers
    1999 729 citations George M. Whitesides et al. profile →
  50. Neutrophil chemotaxis in linear and complex gradients of interleukin-8 formed in a microfabricated device
    2002 726 citations George M. Whitesides et al. profile →
  51. Swimming in Circles: Motion of Bacteria near Solid Boundaries
    2005 722 citations Willow R. DiLuzio, George M. Whitesides et al. profile →
  52. Effect of Surface Wettability on the Adsorption of Proteins and Detergents
    1998 717 citations Milan Mrksich, George M. Whitesides et al. profile →
  53. Using Self-Assembled Monolayers to Understand the Interactions of Man-made Surfaces with Proteins and Cells
    1996 697 citations Milan Mrksich, George M. Whitesides profile →
  54. Polymer microstructures formed by moulding in capillaries
    1995 689 citations George M. Whitesides et al. profile →
  55. Camouflage and Display for Soft Machines
    2012 673 citations Stephen A. Morin, Robert F. Shepherd et al. Science profile →
  56. Generation of Gradients Having Complex Shapes Using Microfluidic Networks
    2001 665 citations Daniel T. Chiu, George M. Whitesides et al. profile →
  57. The 'right' size in nanobiotechnology
    2003 621 citations George M. Whitesides profile →
  58. Carbonic Anhydrase as a Model for Biophysical and Physical-Organic Studies of Proteins and Protein−Ligand Binding
    2008 617 citations Douglas B. Weibel, George M. Whitesides et al. profile →
  59. Paper‐Based ELISA
    2010 613 citations Chao‐Min Cheng, Andres W. Martinez et al. profile →
  60. Muscular Thin Films for Building Actuators and Powering Devices
    2007 606 citations George M. Whitesides et al. Science profile →
  61. Structures of self-assembled monolayer films of organosulfur compounds adsorbed on gold single crystals: electron diffraction studies
    1988 601 citations George M. Whitesides et al. profile →
  62. Microfabrication meets microbiology
    2007 596 citations Douglas B. Weibel, Willow R. DiLuzio et al. profile →
  63. Self-Assembled Monolayers and Multilayers of Conjugated Thiols, .alpha.,.omega.-Dithiols, and Thioacetyl-Containing Adsorbates. Understanding Attachments between Potential Molecular Wires and Gold Surfaces
    1995 596 citations George M. Whitesides et al. profile →
  64. Foldable Printed Circuit Boards on Paper Substrates
    2009 595 citations Scott T. Phillips, Zhigang Suo et al. profile →
  65. Eutectic Gallium–Indium (EGaIn): A Moldable Liquid Metal for Electrical Characterization of Self‐Assembled Monolayers
    2007 588 citations George M. Whitesides et al. profile →
  66. Selective reduction of disulfides by tris(2-carboxyethyl)phosphine
    1991 582 citations George M. Whitesides et al. profile →
  67. Self-assembled monolayers of n-alkanethiolates on copper are barrier films that protect the metal against oxidation by air
    1992 580 citations George M. Whitesides et al. profile →
  68. FLASH: A rapid method for prototyping paper-based microfluidic devices
    2008 577 citations Andres W. Martinez, Scott T. Phillips et al. Lab on a Chip profile →
  69. Improved Pattern Transfer in Soft Lithography Using Composite Stamps
    2002 575 citations J. Christopher Love, Daniel B. Wolfe et al. profile →
  70. Micropatterned Surfaces for Control of Cell Shape, Position, and Function
    1998 566 citations Milan Mrksich, George M. Whitesides et al. profile →
  71. The controlled formation of ordered, sinusoidal structures by plasma oxidation of an elastomeric polymer
    1999 564 citations Wilhelm T. S. Huck, George M. Whitesides et al. profile →
  72. Polyvalente Wechselwirkungen in biologischen Systemen: Auswirkungen auf das Design und die Verwendung multivalenter Liganden und Inhibitoren
    1998 545 citations George M. Whitesides et al. profile →
  73. Fabrication of Topologically Complex Three-Dimensional Microfluidic Systems in PDMS by Rapid Prototyping
    2000 543 citations Daniel T. Chiu, George M. Whitesides et al. profile →
  74. Direct measurement of interfacial interactions between semispherical lenses and flat sheets of poly(dimethylsiloxane) and their chemical derivatives
    1991 541 citations George M. Whitesides et al. profile →
  75. Electron Transport through Thin Organic Films in Metal−Insulator−Metal Junctions Based on Self-Assembled Monolayers
    2001 540 citations Rustem F. Ismagilov, George M. Whitesides et al. profile →
  76. Microfabrication Inside Capillaries Using Multiphase Laminar Flow Patterning
    1999 530 citations Paul J. A. Kenis, Rustem F. Ismagilov et al. Science profile →
  77. Formation of monodisperse bubbles in a microfluidic flow-focusing device
    2004 518 citations Piotr Garstecki, Willow R. DiLuzio et al. profile →
  78. Self-Assembly of Mesoscale Objects into Ordered Two-Dimensional Arrays
    1997 516 citations George M. Whitesides et al. Science profile →
  79. Autonomous Movement and Self-Assembly
    2002 513 citations Rustem F. Ismagilov, George M. Whitesides et al. profile →
  80. Thermal decomposition of bis(phosphine)platinum(II) metallocycles
    1976 509 citations George M. Whitesides et al. profile →
  81. Complex Optical Surfaces Formed by Replica Molding Against Elastomeric Masters
    1996 491 citations George M. Whitesides et al. Science profile →
  82. Molecular Self-Assembly of Aliphatic Thiols on Gold Colloids
    1996 476 citations George M. Whitesides et al. profile →

Peers — A (Enhanced Table)

Peers by citation overlap · career bar shows stage (early→late) cites · hero ref

Name h Career Trend Papers Cites
George M. Whitesides United States 212 114.8k 66.8k 48.0k 35.0k 24.3k 1.2k 215.8k
Younan Xia United States 213 66.0k 0.6× 46.2k 0.7× 15.6k 0.3× 83.1k 2.4× 22.1k 0.9× 999 174.1k
Chad A. Mirkin United States 167 49.4k 0.4× 21.1k 0.3× 56.8k 1.2× 48.8k 1.4× 14.9k 0.6× 977 133.2k
Lei Jiang China 196 76.6k 0.7× 53.3k 0.8× 8.3k 0.2× 45.6k 1.3× 6.6k 0.3× 2.4k 178.3k
David A. Weitz United States 165 44.9k 0.4× 17.5k 0.3× 18.7k 0.4× 28.3k 0.8× 10.0k 0.4× 829 99.0k
Hua Zhang China 190 30.5k 0.3× 69.7k 1.0× 16.1k 0.3× 86.2k 2.5× 7.5k 0.3× 1.9k 159.1k
Rodney S. Ruoff United States 160 65.4k 0.6× 73.1k 1.1× 5.3k 0.1× 127.4k 3.6× 10.7k 0.4× 604 189.9k
Jean M. J. Fréchet United States 157 20.1k 0.2× 27.1k 0.4× 20.4k 0.4× 22.9k 0.7× 28.8k 1.2× 744 91.2k
Kläus Müllen Germany 175 29.0k 0.3× 75.2k 1.1× 7.7k 0.2× 80.3k 2.3× 38.0k 1.6× 2.1k 154.1k
Róbert Langer United States 220 83.6k 0.7× 8.1k 0.1× 67.9k 1.4× 19.7k 0.6× 15.8k 0.7× 1.4k 216.7k
Hongjie Dai United States 163 51.0k 0.4× 55.5k 0.8× 11.2k 0.2× 93.4k 2.7× 9.3k 0.4× 444 149.4k

Countries citing papers authored by George M. Whitesides

Since Specialization
Citations

This map shows the geographic impact of George M. Whitesides's research. It shows the number of citations coming from papers published by authors working in each country. You can also color the map by specialization and compare the number of citations received by George M. Whitesides with the expected number of citations based on a country's size and research output (numbers larger than one mean the country cites George M. Whitesides more than expected).

Fields of papers citing papers by George M. Whitesides

Since Specialization
Physical SciencesHealth SciencesLife SciencesSocial Sciences

This network shows the impact of papers produced by George M. Whitesides. Nodes represent research fields, and links connect fields that are likely to share authors. Colored nodes show fields that tend to cite the papers produced by George M. Whitesides. The network helps show where George M. Whitesides may publish in the future.

Co-authorship network of co-authors of George M. Whitesides

This figure shows the co-authorship network connecting the top 25 collaborators of George M. Whitesides. A scholar is included among the top collaborators of George M. Whitesides based on the total number of citations received by their joint publications. Widths of edges represent the number of papers authors have co-authored together. Node borders signify the number of papers an author published with George M. Whitesides. George M. Whitesides is excluded from the visualization to improve readability, since they are connected to all nodes in the network.

All Works

20 of 20 papers shown
1.
Tsaloglou, Maria‐Nefeli, et al.. (2025). Point-of-need diagnostics in a post-Covid world: an opportunity for paper-based microfluidics to serve during syndemics. Lab on a Chip. 25(5). 741–751. 3 indexed citations
2.
Abrahamsson, Christoffer, Samuel E. Root, Won‐Kyu Lee, et al.. (2022). Tube-Balloon Logic for the Exploration of Fluidic Control Elements. IEEE Robotics and Automation Letters. 7(2). 5483–5488. 14 indexed citations
3.
Nagarkar, Amit A., Samuel E. Root, M. Fink, et al.. (2021). Storing and Reading Information in Mixtures of Fluorescent Molecules. ACS Central Science. 7(10). 1728–1735. 34 indexed citations
4.
Hol, Felix J.H., George M. Whitesides, & Cees Dekker. (2019). Bacteria‐in‐paper, a versatile platform to study bacterial ecology. Ecology Letters. 22(8). 1316–1323. 7 indexed citations
5.
Cafferty, Brian J., et al.. (2019). Storage of Information Using Small Organic Molecules. ACS Central Science. 5(5). 911–916. 75 indexed citations
6.
Preston, Daniel J., Haihui Joy Jiang, Vanessa Sanchez, et al.. (2019). A soft ring oscillator. Science Robotics. 4(31). 172 indexed citations
7.
Fox, Jerome M., Mengxia Zhao, M. Fink, Kyungtae Kang, & George M. Whitesides. (2018). The Molecular Origin of Enthalpy/Entropy Compensation in Biomolecular Recognition. Annual Review of Biophysics. 47(1). 223–250. 136 indexed citations
8.
Wolfe, Daniel B., J. Christopher Love, & George M. Whitesides. (2014). Nanostructures Replicated by Polymer Molding.
9.
Morin, Stephen A., Robert F. Shepherd, Sen Wai Kwok, et al.. (2012). Camouflage and Display for Soft Machines. Science. 337(6096). 828–832. 673 indexed citations breakdown →
10.
Palacios, M.A., Elena Benito‐Peña, Aaron D. Mazzeo, et al.. (2011). InfoBiology by printed arrays of microorganism colonies for timed and on-demand release of messages. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 108(40). 16510–16514. 27 indexed citations
11.
Choi, Wonjae, Michinao Hashimoto, Audrey K. Ellerbee, et al.. (2011). Bubbles navigating through networks of microchannels. Lab on a Chip. 11(23). 3970–3970. 33 indexed citations
12.
Cheng, Chao‐Min, et al.. (2011). A portable microfluidic paper-based device for ELISA. 75–78. 45 indexed citations
13.
Derda, Ratmir, Sindy K. Y. Tang, Anna Laromaine, et al.. (2011). Multizone Paper Platform for 3D Cell Cultures. PLoS ONE. 6(5). e18940–e18940. 177 indexed citations
14.
Derda, Ratmir, Anna Laromaine, Akiko Mammoto, et al.. (2009). Paper-supported 3D cell culture for tissue-based bioassays. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 106(44). 18457–18462. 347 indexed citations
15.
Takeuchi, Shoji, Willow R. DiLuzio, Douglas B. Weibel, & George M. Whitesides. (2005). Controlling the Shape of Filamentous Cells of Escherichia coli. Nano Letters. 5(9). 1819–1823. 124 indexed citations
16.
Weibel, Douglas B., Piotr Garstecki, Declan Ryan, et al.. (2005). Microoxen: Microorganisms to move microscale loads. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 102(34). 11963–11967. 351 indexed citations
17.
Jiang, Xingyu, Derek A. Bruzewicz, Amy P. Wong, Matthieu Piel, & George M. Whitesides. (2005). Directing cell migration with asymmetric micropatterns. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 102(4). 975–978. 360 indexed citations
18.
Weibel, Douglas B., Piotr Garstecki, & George M. Whitesides. (2005). Combining microscience and neurobiology. Current Opinion in Neurobiology. 15(5). 560–567. 43 indexed citations
19.
Stroock, Abraham D., Marcus Weck, Daniel T. Chiu, et al.. (2000). Patterning Electro-osmotic Flow with Patterned Surface Charge. Physical Review Letters. 84(15). 3314–3317. 266 indexed citations
20.
Avila, Luis Z., Yen‐Ho Chu, Erich C. Blossey, & George M. Whitesides. (1993). Use of affinity capillary electrophoresis to determine kinetic and equilibrium constants for binding of arylsulfonamides to bovine carbonic anhydrase. Journal of Medicinal Chemistry. 36(1). 126–133. 156 indexed citations

Rankless uses publication and citation data sourced from OpenAlex, an open and comprehensive bibliographic database. While OpenAlex provides broad and valuable coverage of the global research landscape, it—like all bibliographic datasets—has inherent limitations. These include incomplete records, variations in author disambiguation, differences in journal indexing, and delays in data updates. As a result, some metrics and network relationships displayed in Rankless may not fully capture the entirety of a scholar's output or impact.

You can learn more about the impact of George M. Whitesides by visiting their Pantheon page.

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