Hit papers significantly outperform the citation benchmark for their cohort. A paper qualifies
if it has ≥500 total citations, achieves ≥1.5× the top-1% citation threshold for papers in the
same subfield and year (this is the minimum needed to enter the top 1%, not the average
within it), or reaches the top citation threshold in at least one of its specific research
topics.
Countries citing papers authored by Steven Raphael
Since
Specialization
Citations
This map shows the geographic impact of Steven Raphael's research. It shows the number of citations coming from papers published by authors working in each country. You can also color the map by specialization and compare the number of citations received by Steven Raphael with the expected number of citations based on a country's size and research output (numbers larger than one mean the country cites Steven Raphael more than expected).
This network shows the impact of papers produced by Steven Raphael. Nodes represent research fields, and links connect fields that are likely to share authors. Colored nodes show fields that tend to cite the papers produced by Steven Raphael. The network helps show where Steven Raphael may publish in the future.
Co-authorship network of co-authors of Steven Raphael
This figure shows the co-authorship network connecting the top 25 collaborators of Steven Raphael.
A scholar is included among the top collaborators of Steven Raphael based on the total number of
citations received by their joint publications. Widths of edges
represent the number of papers authors have co-authored together.
Node borders
signify the number of papers an author published with Steven Raphael. Steven Raphael is excluded from
the visualization to improve readability, since they are connected to all nodes in the network.
Lofstrom, Magnus & Steven Raphael. (2015). Incarceration and Crime: Lessons from California’s Public Safety Realignment Reform. Econstor (Econstor). 12(4). 40–46.1 indexed citations
9.
Raphael, Steven & Michael A. Stoll. (2014). A New Approach to Reducing Incarceration While Maintaining Low Rates of Crime.9 indexed citations
10.
Chalfin, Aaron & Steven Raphael. (2011). Work and Crime. Oxford University Press eBooks.13 indexed citations
11.
Raphael, Steven. (2010). Improving Employment Prospects for Former Prison Inmates: Challenges and Policy. National Bureau of Economic Research. 521–565.1 indexed citations
12.
Quigley, John M., et al.. (2008). Measuring Land-Use Regulations and Their Effects in the Housing Market. eScholarship (California Digital Library).8 indexed citations
Raphael, Steven. (2007). Understanding the Causes and Labor Market Consequences of the Steep Increase in U.S. Incarceration Rates.1 indexed citations
15.
Raphael, Steven, Alan Berube, & Elizabeth Deakin. (2006). Socioeconomic Differences in Household Automobile Ownership Rates: Implications for Evacuation Policy. eScholarship (California Digital Library).18 indexed citations
Stoll, Michael A., Harry J. Holzer, & Steven Raphael. (2004). Six: The Labor Market for Ex-Offenders in Los Angeles: Problems, Challenges, and Public Policy. eScholarship (California Digital Library).1 indexed citations
18.
Quigley, John M., Steven Raphael, & Eugene Smolensky. (2001). Homelessness in California. eScholarship (California Digital Library).2 indexed citations
19.
Stoll, Michael A., Steven Raphael, & Harry J. Holzer. (2001). Why Are Black Employers More Likely Than White Employers To Hire Blacks? Discussion Paper..3 indexed citations
20.
Raphael, Steven. (1997). The Spatial Mismatch Hypothesis and Black Youth Joblessness: Evidence from the San Francisco Bay Area. SSRN Electronic Journal.5 indexed citations
Rankless uses publication and citation data sourced from OpenAlex, an open and comprehensive
bibliographic database. While OpenAlex provides broad and valuable coverage of the global
research landscape, it—like all bibliographic datasets—has inherent limitations. These include
incomplete records, variations in author disambiguation, differences in journal indexing, and
delays in data updates. As a result, some metrics and network relationships displayed in
Rankless may not fully capture the entirety of a scholar's output or impact.