Hit papers significantly outperform the citation benchmark for their cohort. A paper qualifies
if it has ≥500 total citations, achieves ≥1.5× the top-1% citation threshold for papers in the
same subfield and year (this is the minimum needed to enter the top 1%, not the average
within it), or reaches the top citation threshold in at least one of its specific research
topics.
This map shows the geographic impact of Bruce Hapke's research. It shows the number of citations coming from papers published by authors working in each country. You can also color the map by specialization and compare the number of citations received by Bruce Hapke with the expected number of citations based on a country's size and research output (numbers larger than one mean the country cites Bruce Hapke more than expected).
This network shows the impact of papers produced by Bruce Hapke. Nodes represent research fields, and links connect fields that are likely to share authors. Colored nodes show fields that tend to cite the papers produced by Bruce Hapke. The network helps show where Bruce Hapke may publish in the future.
Co-authorship network of co-authors of Bruce Hapke
This figure shows the co-authorship network connecting the top 25 collaborators of Bruce Hapke.
A scholar is included among the top collaborators of Bruce Hapke based on the total number of
citations received by their joint publications. Widths of edges
represent the number of papers authors have co-authored together.
Node borders
signify the number of papers an author published with Bruce Hapke. Bruce Hapke is excluded from
the visualization to improve readability, since they are connected to all nodes in the network.
Nelson, Robert M., et al.. (2016). Understanding Europa's Surface Texture from Remote Sensing Photopolarimetry. cosp. 42.
3.
Nelson, Robert M., et al.. (2015). Jupiter's Satellite Europa: Evidence for an Extremely Fine-Grained, High Porosity Surface. DPS.2 indexed citations
4.
Hapke, Bruce, et al.. (2011). The Opposition Effect of the Moon as Seen by the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter Wide Angle Camera. Lunar and Planetary Science Conference. 1080.1 indexed citations
5.
Hapke, Bruce, et al.. (2006). Validity of Regolith Reflectance Models Based on the Radiative Transfer Equation and Coherent Backscatter Theory. 38.1 indexed citations
6.
Hapke, Bruce. (2000). How to Turn OC's into S's: Space Weathering in the Asteroid Belt. LPI. 1087.6 indexed citations
7.
Nelson, R. M., W. D. Smythe, & Bruce Hapke. (2000). The Coherent Backscattering Opposition Effect: Search for Wavelength Dependent Changes in the Shape of the Phase Curve. DPS. 32.2 indexed citations
8.
Nelson, R. M., Bruce Hapke, & W. D. Smythe. (1999). The Opposition Effect in Simulated Planetary Regoliths: Circular and Linear Polarization Ratio Change with Phase Angle. Lunar and Planetary Science Conference. 1314.1 indexed citations
9.
Nelson, R. M., Bruce Hapke, W. D. Smythe, & L. J. Spilker. (1998). Experimental Tests of Models of the Coherent Backscattering Opposition Effect. Lunar and Planetary Science Conference. 1146.2 indexed citations
10.
Hapke, Bruce. (1993). Why is the Moon dark. NASA Technical Reports Server (NASA). 605.2 indexed citations
11.
Hapke, Bruce, et al.. (1991). Laboratory Study of the Opposition Effect. Bulletin of the American Astronomical Society. 23. 1139.1 indexed citations
12.
Williams, Ann K. & Bruce Hapke. (1988). Light Scattering by Single Particles. LPI. 19. 1272.1 indexed citations
13.
Hapke, Bruce & A. Williams. (1988). Search for Anomalous Opposition Spike in Crystalline Powders. Bulletin of the American Astronomical Society. 20. 808.2 indexed citations
14.
Smythe, W. D., et al.. (1987). Color of Sulfur after X-Irradiation at Low Temperatures: Implications for Io. Bulletin of the American Astronomical Society. 19. 855.3 indexed citations
15.
Hapke, Bruce, et al.. (1980). A color-ratio map of Mercury.. Lunar and Planetary Science Conference. 1. 394–395.6 indexed citations
16.
Cohen, Alvin J., et al.. (1979). Vacuum Ultraviolet Reflectance Spectra of Groups L and LL Chondrites. Meteoritics and Planetary Science. 14. 371.1 indexed citations
17.
Hapke, Bruce, et al.. (1978). Reflectance measurements of lunar materials in the vacuum ultraviolet. Lunar and Planetary Science Conference Proceedings. 3. 2935–2947.12 indexed citations
18.
Tepper, Lloyd B. & Bruce Hapke. (1977). Mercury: Detection of a 1000 nm Ferrous Band.. Bulletin of the American Astronomical Society. 9. 532.5 indexed citations
19.
Hapke, Bruce, et al.. (1974). UV Spectroscopy of Venus: Evidence for an Elemental Sulfur Component of the Clouds. Bulletin of the American Astronomical Society. 6. 368.2 indexed citations
20.
Hapke, Bruce. (1971). Inferences from Optical Properties Concerning the Surface Texture and Composition of Asteroids. NASA Special Publication. 267. 67.8 indexed citations
Rankless uses publication and citation data sourced from OpenAlex, an open and comprehensive
bibliographic database. While OpenAlex provides broad and valuable coverage of the global
research landscape, it—like all bibliographic datasets—has inherent limitations. These include
incomplete records, variations in author disambiguation, differences in journal indexing, and
delays in data updates. As a result, some metrics and network relationships displayed in
Rankless may not fully capture the entirety of a scholar's output or impact.