Hit papers significantly outperform the citation benchmark for their cohort. A paper qualifies
if it has ≥500 total citations, achieves ≥1.5× the top-1% citation threshold for papers in the
same subfield and year (this is the minimum needed to enter the top 1%, not the average
within it), or reaches the top citation threshold in at least one of its specific research
topics.
Chapter 9 Visual adaptation and retinal gain controls
Countries citing papers authored by Robert Shapley
Since
Specialization
Citations
This map shows the geographic impact of Robert Shapley's research. It shows the number of citations coming from papers published by authors working in each country. You can also color the map by specialization and compare the number of citations received by Robert Shapley with the expected number of citations based on a country's size and research output (numbers larger than one mean the country cites Robert Shapley more than expected).
This network shows the impact of papers produced by Robert Shapley. Nodes represent research fields, and links connect fields that are likely to share authors. Colored nodes show fields that tend to cite the papers produced by Robert Shapley. The network helps show where Robert Shapley may publish in the future.
Co-authorship network of co-authors of Robert Shapley
This figure shows the co-authorship network connecting the top 25 collaborators of Robert Shapley.
A scholar is included among the top collaborators of Robert Shapley based on the total number of
citations received by their joint publications. Widths of edges
represent the number of papers authors have co-authored together.
Node borders
signify the number of papers an author published with Robert Shapley. Robert Shapley is excluded from
the visualization to improve readability, since they are connected to all nodes in the network.
Ringach, Dario L., Michael J. Hawken, & Robert Shapley. (1997). The dynamics of orientation tuning in macaque primary visual cortex. Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science. 38(4).4 indexed citations
Hirsch, Joy, Kiho Kim, Norman Relkin, et al.. (1996). Extrastriate loci for the perception of stereo depth and illusory contours: Evidence from fMRI. Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science. 37(3).2 indexed citations
12.
Shapley, Robert & Nava Rubin. (1996). Marked effects of global orientation on appearance and perceived direction of motion. Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science. 37(3).3 indexed citations
13.
Shapley, Robert, E. Kaplan, & Keith P. Purpura. (1993). Contrast sensitivity and light adaptation in photoreceptors or in the retinal network. 103–116.13 indexed citations
14.
Victor, Jonathan D., Kenneth Maiese, Robert Shapley, John J. Sidtis, & M. S. Gazzaniga. (1989). Acquired central dyschromatopsia: Analysis of a case with preservation of color discrimination. 4(3). 183–196.51 indexed citations
15.
Regan, D., Robert Shapley, & Henk Spekreijse. (1986). Systems approach in vision : proceedings of a workshop held in Amsterdam, The Netherlands, 27-29 August 1984. Pergamon Press eBooks.1 indexed citations
Shapley, Robert, Yuen T. So, & Jonathan D. Victor. (1978). Nonlinear systems analysis of retinal ganglion cells and visual evoked potentials in the cat (A). Journal of the Optical Society of America A. 68. 1427.2 indexed citations
Rankless uses publication and citation data sourced from OpenAlex, an open and comprehensive
bibliographic database. While OpenAlex provides broad and valuable coverage of the global
research landscape, it—like all bibliographic datasets—has inherent limitations. These include
incomplete records, variations in author disambiguation, differences in journal indexing, and
delays in data updates. As a result, some metrics and network relationships displayed in
Rankless may not fully capture the entirety of a scholar's output or impact.