Hit papers significantly outperform the citation benchmark for their cohort. A paper qualifies
if it has ≥500 total citations, achieves ≥1.5× the top-1% citation threshold for papers in the
same subfield and year (this is the minimum needed to enter the top 1%, not the average
within it), or reaches the top citation threshold in at least one of its specific research
topics.
This map shows the geographic impact of Hammond Ec's research. It shows the number of citations coming from papers published by authors working in each country. You can also color the map by specialization and compare the number of citations received by Hammond Ec with the expected number of citations based on a country's size and research output (numbers larger than one mean the country cites Hammond Ec more than expected).
This network shows the impact of papers produced by Hammond Ec. Nodes represent research fields, and links connect fields that are likely to share authors. Colored nodes show fields that tend to cite the papers produced by Hammond Ec. The network helps show where Hammond Ec may publish in the future.
Co-authorship network of co-authors of Hammond Ec
This figure shows the co-authorship network connecting the top 25 collaborators of Hammond Ec.
A scholar is included among the top collaborators of Hammond Ec based on the total number of
citations received by their joint publications. Widths of edges
represent the number of papers authors have co-authored together.
Node borders
signify the number of papers an author published with Hammond Ec. Hammond Ec is excluded from
the visualization to improve readability, since they are connected to all nodes in the network.
Ec, Hammond, et al.. (1985). Lung cancer, fruit, green salad and vitamin pills.. PubMed. 98(3). 206–10.40 indexed citations
3.
Ashley, Richard, et al.. (1973). Identification of asbestos in human tissues.. PubMed. 15(3). 287–95.20 indexed citations
4.
Ec, Hammond, et al.. (1970). Inorganic fibers, including chrysotile, in lungs at autopsy: preliminary report.. PubMed. 2. 683–94.7 indexed citations
5.
Ec, Hammond. (1968). Quantitative relationship between cigarette smoking and death rates.. PubMed. 28. 3–8.2 indexed citations
6.
Auerbach, Oscar, Hammond Ec, David Kirman, Lawrence Garfinkel, & Stout Ap. (1968). The effect of direct cigarette smoke inhalation on the respiratory tree of dogs.. PubMed. 28. 65–77.3 indexed citations
7.
Ec, Hammond & Lawrence Garfinkel. (1966). The influence of health on smoking habits.. PubMed. 19. 269–85.24 indexed citations
Ec, Hammond, et al.. (1965). SMOKING HABITS AND HEALTH IN GEORGIA AND OTHER SOUTHERN STATES.. PubMed. 54. 278–81.1 indexed citations
10.
Ec, Hammond & Oliver W.A. Wilson. (1965). SMOKING HABITS AND DISEASE IN MISSOURI.. PubMed. 62. 109–12 PASSIM.1 indexed citations
11.
Ec, Hammond, Lars Berglund, & Richard A. Kaslow. (1965). SMOKING HABITS AND DISEASE IN MINNESOTA.. PubMed. 48. 44–9.1 indexed citations
12.
Ec, Hammond, et al.. (1965). Smoking habits and disease in New York State.. PubMed. 65(20). 2557–61.6 indexed citations
13.
Ec, Hammond, et al.. (1964). SMOKING HABITS AND HEALTH IN KANSAS AND OTHER CENTRAL STATES.. PubMed. 65. 586–90.1 indexed citations
14.
Ec, Hammond, et al.. (1964). SMOKING HABITS AND DISEASE IN ILLINOIS.. PubMed. 126. 661–5.1 indexed citations
15.
Ec, Hammond. (1964). SMOKING HABITS AND HEALTH IN MARYLAND AND NEIGHBORING STATES.. PubMed. 13. 45–9.1 indexed citations
16.
Ec, Hammond. (1962). Air pollution, smoking, and health.. PubMed. 58. 639–47.3 indexed citations
17.
Ec, Hammond & Wynder El. (1960). Cigarette smoking and lung cancer in Canada.. PubMed. 82. 372–7.6 indexed citations
18.
Ec, Hammond. (1960). Frontiers in cancer epidemiology.. PubMed. 4. 709–18.3 indexed citations
19.
Ec, Hammond, et al.. (1956). The effect of smoking on packed cell volume, red blood cell counts, haemoglobin and platelet counts.. PubMed. 75(6). 520–3.53 indexed citations
20.
Ec, Hammond. (1955). Epidemiologic studies on smoking in relation-to lung cancer.. PubMed. 6(2). 180–1.1 indexed citations
Rankless uses publication and citation data sourced from OpenAlex, an open and comprehensive
bibliographic database. While OpenAlex provides broad and valuable coverage of the global
research landscape, it—like all bibliographic datasets—has inherent limitations. These include
incomplete records, variations in author disambiguation, differences in journal indexing, and
delays in data updates. As a result, some metrics and network relationships displayed in
Rankless may not fully capture the entirety of a scholar's output or impact.