Chang‐seng Liang

Identification of Splenic Reservoir Monocytes and Their Deployment to Inflammatory Sites

A unique mechanism of β-blocker action: Carvedilol stimulates β-arrestin signaling

Angiotensin II causes hypertension and cardiac hypertrophy through its receptors in the kidney

Cooperative Transcriptional Activation by the Neurogenic Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Protein MASH1 and Members of the Myocyte Enhancer Factor-2 (MEF2) Family

Cooperative activation of muscle gene expression by MEF2 and myogenic bHLH proteins

Evaluation of plasma natriuretic peptides as markers for left ventricular dysfunction

Circulating levels of cardiac natriuretic peptides (ANP and BNP) measured by highly sensitive and specific immunoradiometric assays in normal subjects and in patients with different degrees of heart failure

Brawn for Brains: The Role of MEF2 Proteins in the Developing Nervous System

Risk of Worsening Renal Function With Nesiritide in Patients With Acutely Decompensated Heart Failure

Relation of Loop Diuretic Dose to Mortality in Advanced Heart Failure

Use of carvedilol in chronic heart failure: Challenges in therapeutic management

Myocyte Enhancer Factor-related B-MEF2 Is Developmentally Expressed in B Cells and Regulates the Immunoglobulin J Chain Promoter

Development and evaluation of the Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire: a new health status measure for heart failure

Pharmacologic therapy for patients with chronic heart failure and reduced systolic function: review of trials and practical considerations

The Role of the Autonomic Nervous System in Sudden Cardiac Death

Effects of Beta-Adrenergic Blockade on Survival of Patients With Chronic Heart Failure

Activation of Hypoxia-inducible Factor-1; Definition of Regulatory Domains within the α Subunit

Effect of Captopril on Mortality and Morbidity in Patients with Left Ventricular Dysfunction after Myocardial Infarction

Prospects for Cardiovascular Research

B-type natriuretic peptide levels: A potential novel “white count” for congestive heart failure

Eomesodermin, a Key Early Gene in Xenopus Mesoderm Differentiation

Proposal for a new clinical end point to evaluate the efficacy of drugs and devices in the treatment of chronic heart failure

Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of carvedilol on the prevention of nitrate tolerance in patients with chronic heart failure

Molecular and physiologic actions of insulin related to production of nitric oxide in vascular endothelium

Race and the Response to Adrenergic Blockade with Carvedilol in Patients with Chronic Heart Failure

Intermittent dobutamine treatment in patients with chronic refractory congestive heart failure: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study

Wound repair and regeneration

Neuroendocrine changes in acute myocardial infarction

B-type natriuretic peptide in cardiovascular disease

β-Arrestin 1 and Gαq/11 Coordinately Activate RhoA and Stress Fiber Formation following Receptor Stimulation

Cardiac resynchronization therapy for the treatment of heart failure in patients with intraventricular conduction delay and malignant ventricular tachyarrhythmias

β₂‐Adrenergic receptor overexpression in the developing mouse heart: evidence for targeted modulation of ion channels

Continuous home ambulatory intravenous inotropic drug therapy in severe heart failure: Safety and cost efficacy

Carvedilol alone or in combination with digoxin for the management of atrial fibrillation in patients with heart failure?

2009 Focused Update Incorporated Into the ACC/AHA 2005 Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of Heart Failure in Adults

β-adrenergic blockade in chronic heart failure: Principles, progress, and practice

Aldosterone and antialdosterone therapy in congestive heart failure

The Effect of Cardiac Resynchronization on Morbidity and Mortality in Heart Failure

Aggravated renal dysfunction during intensive therapy for advanced chronic heart failure

Changes in Myocardial Composition and Conduction Properties in Rat Heart Failure Model Induced by Chronic Volume Overload

Value of natriuretic peptides in assessment of patients with possible new heart failure in primary care

Plasma brain natriuretic peptide as a biochemical marker of high left ventricular end-diastolic pressure in patients with symptomatic left ventricular dysfunction

Update on recent clinical trials in congestive heart failure

Optimal Pharmacologic and Non-pharmacologic Management of Cardiac Transplant Candidates: Approaches to Be Considered Prior to Transplant Evaluation: International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation Guidelines for the Care of Cardiac Transplant Candidates—2006

Current evidence supporting the role of diuretics in heart failure: a meta analysis of randomised controlled trials

Short-term Risk of Death After Treatment With Nesiritide for Decompensated Heart Failure

Racial Differences in the Outcome of Left Ventricular Dysfunction

Insulin-mediated skeletal muscle vasodilation is nitric oxide dependent. A novel action of insulin to increase nitric oxide release.

Natriuretic peptides: Physiology, therapeutic potential, and risk stratification in ischemic heart disease

Protective effects of captopril and enalapril on myocardial ischemia and reperfusion damage of rat

In-Hospital Mortality in Patients With Acute Decompensated Heart Failure Requiring Intravenous Vasoactive Medications

Complex heart rate variability and serum norepinephrine levels in patients with advanced heart failure

Sustained augmentation of parasympathetic tone with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition in patients with congestive heart failure

The MADS-Box Factor CeMEF2 Is Not Essential for Caenorhabditis elegans Myogenesis and Development

Successes and failures of current treatment of heart failure

Intermittent inotropic therapy in an outpatient setting: A cost-effective therapeutic modality in patients with refractory heart failure

Parenteral inotropic support for advancedcongestive heart failure

Crystal structure of a bacterial homologue of Na+/Cl--dependent neurotransmitter transporters

L-arginine improves endothelium-dependent vasodilation in hypercholesterolemic humans.

Cardiac Resynchronization in Chronic Heart Failure

Two functionally distinct α2-adrenergic receptors regulate sympathetic neurotransmission

The MicroRNA miR-1 Regulates a MEF-2-Dependent Retrograde Signal at Neuromuscular Junctions

Hyperinsulinemia produces both sympathetic neural activation and vasodilation in normal humans.

A rapid bedside test for B-type peptide predicts treatment outcomes in patients admitted for decompensated heart failure: a pilot study

Early Ultrafiltration in Patients With Decompensated Heart Failure and Diuretic Resistance

The L-Arginine-Nitric Oxide Pathway

Ventricular Dilatation and Remodeling After Myocardial Infarction

Two-year time course and significance of neurohumoral activation in the Survival and Ventricular Enlargement (SAVE) Study

Vascular function, insulin resistance and fatty acids

Drosophila MEF2 is regulated by twist and is expressed in both the primordia and differentiated cells of the embryonic somatic, visceral and heart musculature

Intermittent 6-month low-dose dobutamine infusion in severe heart failure: DICE Multicenter Trial

Effects of Oral Tolvaptan in Patients Hospitalized for Worsening Heart Failure<SUBTITLE>The EVEREST Outcome Trial</SUBTITLE>

Nonparallel changes in global left ventricular chamber volume and muscle mass during the first year after transmural myocardial infarction in humans

Transcriptomics approach to investigate zebrafish heart regeneration

Preventive effects of carvedilol on nitrate tolerance—a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled comparative study between carvedilol and arotinolol

Isolation of a cDNA encoding the vascular type-1 angiotensin II receptor

Cardiotonic steroids on the road to anti-cancer therapy

Myocardial beta-adrenergic receptor function during the development of pacing-induced heart failure.

The MyoD family of transcription factors and skeletal myogenesis

Physiology of Local Renin-Angiotensin Systems

Decreased effect of insulin to stimulate skeletal muscle blood flow in obese man. A novel mechanism for insulin resistance.

Comparison of effects on left ventricular filling pressure of intravenous nesiritide and high-dose nitroglycerin in patients with decompensated heart failure

Left Ventricular Remodeling With Carvedilol in Patients With Congestive Heart Failure Due to Ischemic Heart Disease fn1fn1This study was funded by a grant from SmithKline Beecham; however, the study was initiated, conducted, analyzed and reported by the Australia–New Zealand Heart Failure Research Collaborative Group independently of the sponsor. The Clinical Trials Research Unit is supported by a programme grant from the Health Research Council of New Zealand.

Stat1 Depends on Transcriptional Synergy with Sp1

Are we misunderstanding beta-blockers

Transcriptional co-activator PGC-1α drives the formation of slow-twitch muscle fibres

Biochemistry and molecular cell biology of diabetic complications

Effects of Tolvaptan, a Vasopressin Antagonist, in Patients Hospitalized With Worsening Heart Failure<SUBTITLE>A Randomized Controlled Trial</SUBTITLE>

Direct Inhibition of Type 5 Adenylyl Cyclase Prevents Myocardial Apoptosis without Functional Deterioration

Angiotensin–Neprilysin Inhibition versus Enalapril in Heart Failure

Proinflammatory cytokine levels in patients with depressed left ventricular ejection fraction: A report from the studies of left ventricular dysfunction (SOLVD)

Monoamine transporter gene structure and polymorphisms in relation to psychiatric and other complex disorders

The pathophysiology of acute heart failure—Is it all about fluid accumulation?

Continuous intravenous dobutamine is associated with an increased risk of death in patients with advanced heart failure: Insights from the Flolan International Randomized Survival Trial (FIRST)

The Effect of Spironolactone on Morbidity and Mortality in Patients with Severe Heart Failure

Rationale and Design of the Multicenter, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study to Evaluate the Efficacy of Vasopressin Antagonism in Heart Failure: Outcome Study with Tolvaptan (EVEREST)

Effects of exercise training in patients with congestive heart failure: A critical review

Diabetes mellitus, a predictor of morbidity and mortality in the studies of left ventricular dysfunction (SOLVD) trials and registry

Influence of race and gender on care process, resource use, and hospital-based outcomes in congestive heart failure

Contracted plasma and blood volume in chronic heart failure

Carvedilol's antiarrhythmic properties: Therapeutic implications in patients with left ventricular dysfunction

Naturally occurring p16Ink4a-positive cells shorten healthy lifespan

Congestive Heart Failure: Potential Role of Arginine Vasopressin Antagonists in the Therapy of Heart Failure

Ultrafiltration Versus Intravenous Diuretics for Patients Hospitalized for Acute Decompensated Heart Failure

Activation of neurohumoral systems following acute myocardial infarction

Inhibition of Spontaneous β2-Adrenergic Activation Rescues β1-Adrenergic Contractile Response in Cardiomyocytes Overexpressing β2-Adrenoceptor

Protein therapeutics: a summary and pharmacological classification

Reassessment of Dobutamine, Dopamine, and Milrinone in the Management of Acute Heart Failure Syndromes

Early and late effects of exercise and athletic training on neural mechanisms controlling heart rate

Vasopressin receptor antagonists

Cardiac remodeling—concepts and clinical implications: a consensus paper from an international forum on cardiac remodeling

Zebrafish heart regeneration occurs by cardiomyocyte dedifferentiation and proliferation

The MADS-Box Family of Transcription Factors

Enhancement of Rho/Rho-kinase system in regulation of vascular smooth muscle contraction in tachycardia-induced heart failure

Baseline clinical characteristics of patients recruited into the assessment of treatment with lisinopril and survival study

The RSRF/MEF2 protein SL1 regulates cardiac muscle-specific transcription of a myosin light-chain gene in Xenopus embryos.

Intermittent, ambulatory dobutamine infusions in patients with severe congestive heart failure

Acute Hemodynamic Effects of Conivaptan, a Dual V _1A and V ₂ Vasopressin Receptor Antagonist, in Patients With Advanced Heart Failure

Acute Hyperglycemia Attenuates Endothelium-Dependent Vasodilation in Humans In Vivo

ACC/AHA 2005 Guideline Update for the Diagnosis and Management of Chronic Heart Failure in the Adult

HIF-1α is required for development of the sympathetic nervous system

Requirement of MADS Domain Transcription Factor D-MEF2 for Muscle Formation in Drosophila

Effects of Long-term Enalapril Therapy on Cardiac Structure and Function in Patients With Left Ventricular Dysfunction

Digoxin and other cardiac glycosides inhibit HIF-1α synthesis and block tumor growth

Comparative Effects of Low and High Doses of the Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitor, Lisinopril, on Morbidity and Mortality in Chronic Heart Failure

Reciprocal Relationships Between Insulin Resistance and Endothelial Dysfunction

Proteasome regulation of activation-induced T cell death

Development, Maturation, and Transdifferentiation of Cardiac Sympathetic Nerves

Acute Hemodynamic Interaction of Aspirin and Ticlopidine With Enalapril

Lipid Infusion Impairs Physiologic Insulin-Mediated Capillary Recruitment and Muscle Glucose Uptake In Vivo

Transcriptional activity of MEF2 during mouse embryogenesis monitored with a MEF2-dependent transgene

STATs and Gene Regulation

From Styrenes to Enantiopure α-Arylglycines in Two Steps

Overexpression of angiotensin AT ₁ receptor transgene in the mouse myocardium produces a lethal phenotype associated with myocyte hyperplasia and heart block

Cloning of Human Mineralocorticoid Receptor Complementary DNA: Structural and Functional Kinship with the Glucocorticoid Receptor

2009 Focused Update: ACCF/AHA Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of Heart Failure in Adults

Systems analysis of PKA-mediated phosphorylation gradients in live cardiac myocytes

Clinical Policy: Critical Issues in the Evaluation and Management of Adult Patients Presenting to the Emergency Department with Acute Heart Failure Syndromes

The cardiac renin-angiotensin system. An appraisal of present experimental and clinical evidence.

D-MEF2: a MADS box transcription factor expressed in differentiating mesoderm and muscle cell lineages during Drosophila embryogenesis.

The MADS-Box Family of Transcription Factors

Mef2 Proteins, Required for Muscle Differentiation, Bind an Essential Site in the Ig λ Enhancer

Regulation of the Nur77 Orphan Steroid Receptor in Activation-Induced Apoptosis

β-Adrenergic Receptor Blockade in Chronic Heart Failure

β-Adrenergic Receptor Signaling: An Acute Compensatory Adjustment—Inappropriate for the Chronic Stress of Heart Failure?

Plasma N-Terminal Pro–Brain Natriuretic Peptide and Adrenomedullin

Mineralocorticoid binding in cultured smooth muscle cells and fibroblasts from rat aorta

Attenuation of Compensation of Endogenous Cardiac Natriuretic Peptide System in Chronic Heart Failure

Neurohumoral Prediction of Benefit From Carvedilol in Ischemic Left Ventricular Dysfunction

Site-specific chemical modification of recombinant proteins produced in mammalian cells by using the genetically encoded aldehyde tag

Spermidine in health and disease

Chirality in α- and β-adrenoceptor agonists and antagonists

?Escape? of aldosterone production in patients with left ventricular dysfunction treated with an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor: Implications for therapy

Collaborative interactions between MEF-2 and Sp1 in muscle-specific gene regulation

Cardiac βARK1 inhibition prolongs survival and augments β blocker therapy in a mouse model of severe heart failure

Activated Notch Inhibits Myogenic Activity of the MADS-Box Transcription Factor Myocyte Enhancer Factor 2C

Treatment of Chronic Congestive Heart Failure with Captopril, an Oral Inhibitor of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme

Right Ventricular Function in Cardiovascular Disease, Part I

Carvedilol Inhibits Clinical Progression in Patients With Mild Symptoms of Heart Failure

Multiple steps in the regulation of transcription-factor level and activity

Exogenous spermine inhibits hypoxia/ischemia-induced myocardial apoptosis via regulation of mitochondrial permeability transition pore and associated pathways

Effects of an Angiotensin-Converting–Enzyme Inhibitor, Ramipril, on Cardiovascular Events in High-Risk Patients

Contribution of skeletal muscle atrophy to exercise intolerance and altered muscle metabolism in heart failure.

TRANSCRIPTIONAL CONTROL OF MUSCLE DEVELOPMENT BY MYOCYTE ENHANCER FACTOR-2 (MEF2) PROTEINS

Bradykinin B1 and B2 receptors both have protective roles in renal ischemia/reperfusion injury

Heart Rate Variability

Differential atrial and ventricular expression of myocardial BNP during evolution of heart failure

Do angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors prolong life in patients with heart failure treated in clinical practice?

Outpatient dobutamine and dopamine infusions in the management of chronic heart failure: Clinical experience in 21 patients

The MEF2A 3′ Untranslated Region Functions as a cis-Acting Translational Repressor

Improvement in Exercise Tolerance and Symptoms of Congestive Heart Failure During Treatment With Candesartan Cilexetil

Clinical Effects of β-Adrenergic Blockade in Chronic Heart Failure

Mef2 proteins, required for muscle differentiation, bind an essential site in the Ig lambda enhancer.

Effects of the angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor enalapril on the long-term progression of left ventricular dilatation in patients with asymptomatic systolic dysfunction. SOLVD (Studies of Left Ventricular Dysfunction) Investigators.

MEF2B Is a Potent Transactivator Expressed in Early Myogenic Lineages

Influence of β -Blockers on Mortality in Chronic Heart Failure

ACC/AHA/ACP-ASIM guidelines for the management of patients with chronic stable angina11This document was approved by the American College of Cardiology Board of Trustees in March 1999, the American Heart Association Science Advisory and Coordinating Committee in March 1999, and the American College of Physicians-American Society of Internal Medicine Board of Regents in February 1999.When citing this document, please use the following citation format: Gibbons RJ, Chatterjee K, Daley J, Douglas JS, Fihn SD, Gardin JM, Grunwald MA, Levy D, Lytle BW, O’Rourke RA, Schafer WP, Williams SV. ACC/AHA/ACP-ASIM guidelines for the management of patients with chronic stable angina: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines (Committee on the Management of Patients With Chronic Stable Angina). J Am Coll Cardiol 1999;33:2092–197.This document is available on the World Wide Web sites of the American College of Cardiology (www.acc.org) and the American Heart Association (www.americanheart.org). Reprints of this document are available by calling 1-800-253-4636 or writing the American College of Cardiology, Educational Services, at 9111 Old Georgetown Road, Bethesda, MD 20814-1699. Ask for reprint number 71-0166. To obtain a reprint of the Executive Summary and Recommendations published in the June 1, 1999 issue of Circulation, ask for reprint number 71-0167. To purchase bulk reprints (specify version and reprint number): Up to 999 copies call 1-800-611-6083 (US only) or fax 413-665-2671; 1000 or more copies call 214-706-1466, fax 214-691-6342, or e-mail pubauth@heart.org

Emerging role of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors in cardiac and vascular protection.

Brain natriuretic peptide predicts mortality in the elderly.

Recombination signal sequence-binding protein Jκ alters mesodermal cell fate decisions by suppressing cardiomyogenesis

Comparison of Candesartan, Enalapril, and Their Combination in Congestive Heart Failure

Physiologic Hyperinsulinemia Enhances Human Skeletal Muscle Perfusion by Capillary Recruitment

Nesiritide Does Not Improve Renal Function in Patients With Chronic Heart Failure and Worsening Serum Creatinine

Beta adrenergic-mediated vasodilator response to insulin in the human forearm.

Renin-Angiotensin System Inhibition in Conscious Dogs during Acute Hypoxemia

Extracellular norepinephrine reduces neuronal uptake of norepinephrine by oxidative stress in PC12 cells

Metabolic control of the circulation: Implications for congestive heart failure

Intravenous Nesiritide, a Natriuretic Peptide, in the Treatment of Decompensated Congestive Heart Failure

Characteristics of peak aerobic capacity in symptomatic and asymptomatic subjects with left ventricular dysfunction☆

Overexpression of nerve growth factor in the heart alters ion channel activity and β‐adrenergic signalling in an adult transgenic mouse

Modulation of hemodynamic effects with a converting enzyme inhibitor: Acute hemodynamic dose-response relationship of a new angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor, lisinopril, with observations on long-term clinical, functional, and biochemical responses

Alterations in cardiac β-adrenoceptor responsiveness and adenylate cyclase system by congestive heart failure in dogs

Effect of long-term enalapril therapy on neurohormones in patients with left ventricular dysfunction

Decreased adrenergic neuronal uptake activity in experimental right heart failure. A chamber-specific contributor to beta-adrenoceptor downregulation.

Clinical characteristics of patients in Studies of Left Ventricular Dysfunction (SOLVD)

Sustained hemodynamic effects of an infusion of nesiritide (human b-type natriuretic peptide) in heart failure

Comparison of Nifedipine gastrointestinal therapeutic system and Atenolol on antianginal efficacies and exercise hemodynamic responses in stable angina pectoris

Dobutamine infusion in conscious dogs with and without autonomic nervous system inhibition: effects on systemic hemodynamics, regional blood flows and cardiac metabolism.

Renin-angiotensin system inhibition in acute myocardial infarction in dogs. Effects on systemic hemodynamics, myocardial blood flow, segmental myocardial function and infarct size.

Neurohumoral variability in left ventricular dysfunction

Renin-Angiotensin System Inhibition in Conscious Sodium-Depleted Dogs

Desipramine attenuates loss of cardiac sympathetic neurotransmitters produced by congestive heart failure and NE infusion

Comparison of neuroendocrine activation in patients with left ventricular dysfunction with and without congestive heart failure. A substudy of the Studies of Left Ventricular Dysfunction (SOLVD).

Mineralocorticoid-Induced Hypertension in Patients with Orthostatic Hypotension

Piretanide, a potent diuretic with potassium-sparing properties, for the treatment of congestive heart failure

Effect of Baseline or Changes in Adrenergic Activity on Clinical Outcomes in the β-Blocker Evaluation of Survival Trial

Conditioning Effects of Chronic Infusions of Dobutamine

Insulin Infusion in Conscious Dogs

Isoform-specific regulation of myocardial Na,K-ATPase alpha-subunit in congestive heart failure. Role of norepinephrine.

Cardiac noradrenergic nerve terminal abnormalities in dogs with experimental congestive heart failure.

Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study of the Effects of Carvedilol in Patients With Moderate to Severe Heart Failure

Antioxidants attenuate myocyte apoptosis and improve cardiac function in CHF: association with changes in MAPK pathways

Local stress, not systemic factors, regulate gene expression of the cardiac renin-angiotensin system in vivo: a comprehensive study of all its components in the dog.

A fourth human MEF2 transcription factor, hMEF2D, is an early marker of the myogenic lineage

Alterations by Norepinephrine of Cardiac Sympathetic Nerve Terminal Function and Myocardial β-Adrenergic Receptor Sensitivity in the Ferret

Loss of cardiac sympathetic neurotransmitters in heart failure and NE infusion is associated with reduced NGF

Metabolic Control of the Circulation

Sustained improvement of cardiac function in patients with congestive heart failure after short-term infusion of dobutamine.

Nifedipine Therapy for Coronary-Artery Spasm

Short-term hemodynamic effects of vasopressin V1-receptor inhibition in chronic right-sided congestive heart failure.